Review on Immunotherapy-developmentof an alternative cancer treatment

Cancer immunotherapy involves the use of therapeutic modalities that determine a manipulation of the immune system by using immune agents such as cytokines, vaccines, cell therapies and humoral, transfection agents. Immunotherapy of cancer has to stimulate the host’s anti-tumour response by increasing the effector cell number and the production of soluble mediators and decrease the host’s suppressor mechanisms by inducing tumour killing environment and by modulating immune checkpoints. Immunotherapy seems to work better in more immunogenic tumours. Compared with previous standards of care (including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery), cancer immunotherapy has brought significant improvements for patients in terms of survival and quality of life. Immunotherapy has now firmly established itself as a novel pillar of cancer care. In this review we will see the evolution of immunotherapy.